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Health Economics
Health and Income Security and Social Protection

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Resources

REPORT

A review of evidence on socio-economic disadvantage and inequalities of outcome

This is a rapid literature review of which sought to resent a picture of socio-economic disadvantage and the related inequalities of outcome in Wales especially in particular communities, focusing on those with protected characteristics and communities and/or places of interest.

A review of evidence on socio-economic disadvantage and inequalities of outcome


REPORT

Through the lens: Ethnicity, money and mental health

This report examines the interaction between mental and financial health among ethnic minority ethnic groups. It provides some key examples of the specific challenges people from minoritised ethnic groups can encounter.

Through the lens: Ethnicity, money and mental health


PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE

Social security cuts and life expectancy: a longitudinal analysis of local authorities in England, Scotland and Wales

This study investigated the correlation between the full implementation of the UK Government's 'welfare reform' program reductions in social security payments by 2016 and life expectancy across local authorities in England, Scotland, and Wales.

Social security cuts and life expectancy: a longitudinal analysis of local authorities in England, Scotland and Wales


PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE

Population mortality impacts of the rising cost of living in Scotland: scenario modelling study

This study used scenario modelling to examine the effects of recent inflation on household incomes in Scotland. It assessed the efficacy of mitigation measures and explored the impact on mortality outcomes and associated inequalities in the evolving economic context. The analysis compared outcomes under recent inflation without intervention to a scenario with inflation mitigated by UK Government support policies. 

Population mortality impacts of the rising cost of living in Scotland: scenario modelling study


PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE

Is austerity a cause of slower improvements in mortality in high-income countries? A panel analysis

This study investigates the impact of austerity measures on mortality trends in 37 high-income countries from 2000 to 2019, considering various economic indicators. The research aims to discern the association between austerity policies implemented after the 2007–08 financial crisis and the slowed rate of mortality improvement observed in many high-income countries since 2010.

Is austerity a cause of slower improvements in mortality in high-income countries? A panel analysis


PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE

Knowing the goal: an inclusive economy that can address the public health challenges of our time

This article is a rapid review of grey and peer-reviewed literature to identify the attributes of an inclusive economy to enable public health professionals to influence an inclusive economic recovery.

Knowing the goal: an inclusive economy that can address the public health challenges of our time


PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE

How do income changes impact on mental health and wellbeing for working-age adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis

This study synthesised evidence from studies measuring the impact of changes in individual and household income on mental health and wellbeing outcomes in working-age adults (aged 16–64 years).

How do income changes impact on mental health and wellbeing for working-age adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis


PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE

The Geneva Charter—Realising the potential of a well-being society

This article presents the   Geneva Charter for Well-being and discusses the well-being concepts and ideas, relevant to policy-making. It also presents four case studies bridging the concepts with policy and political realities

The Geneva Charter—Realising the potential of a well-being society


PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE

How to measure progress towards a wellbeing economy: distinguishing genuine advances from ‘window dressing’

This article examined approaches by which to measure wellbeing economy for nations and proposed a series of criteria by which judgement can be made on whether progress towards a wellbeing economy is occurring. 

How to measure progress towards a wellbeing economy: distinguishing genuine advances from ‘window dressing’


REPORT

A Taxing Issue? The Tax System and Healthier Lifestyles in Wales

This report by Public Health Wales focuses on contemporary population health concerns related to diets where taxation has been considered or implemented elsewhere, and/or is a viable innovation within the Welsh context. It aims to increase knowledge and understanding of the range of taxation options available to promote health and influence change in unhealthy behaviours; and to provide Welsh policy makers with current health evidence related to these options, detailing why fiscal measures are a mechanism for improving health.

A Taxing Issue? The Tax System and Healthier Lifestyles in Wales


REPORT

The Health and Well-being Impact of Regional Funding in Wales: Working Towards more Resilient, Equal and Prosperous Communities

This report by Public Health Wales focuses on the health and well-being impact of the loss of European Union (EU) Structural Funds and the risks and opportunities presented by a replacement scheme. It aims to inform national, regional and local decision makers in Wales, particularly those involved in the allocation and management of future regional funding schemes. The report contains key insights on the current importance of the EU Structural Funds for the health and well-being of local areas with a focus on different population groups. It discusses the potential impact on health and well-being once EU funding ceases and identifies priority areas for future regional funding.

The Health and Well-being Impact of Regional Funding in Wales: Working Towards more Resilient, Equal and Prosperous Communities


REPORT COVID

What’s next? Key issues for the Sixth Senedd

This report by the Welsh Parliament Senedd Research explores the challenging social, economic and public policy issues of the day in Wales, including poverty and supporting low-income households and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on low-income households. It also includes a look at public finance including the pressures facing local government, a focus on taxation, and trends in Welsh budgets over the previous Senedd and Wales’ funding framework.

What’s next? Key issues for the Sixth Senedd


GUIDE

How to Make the Case for Sustainable Investment in Well-being and Health Equity: A Practical Guide

This practical guide by Public Health Wales outlines a step-by-step process of how to synthesise, translate and communicate public health and health economics evidence into policy and practice, making the case for sustainable investment in well-being and health equity. The guide argues that population health is an economic asset and a productive good. It is intended to help key stakeholders, advocates for health and equity, civil servants and other health and non-health professionals who have a role in informing, influencing or shaping national and subnational policy and practice.

How to Make the Case for Sustainable Investment in Well-being and Health Equity: A Practical Guide


GUIDE

Driving Prosperity for All through Investing for Health and Well-being: An Evidence Informed Guide for Cross-sector Investment

This guide by Public Health Wales suggests policy options for priority investment in Wales, based on the best available Welsh and European evidence. The policy options address areas of high burden and costs, as well as demonstrating co-benefits (returns) to the economy, society and the environment, including investing in universal social protection. The guide can be used by policy- and decision-makers across national and local government, the health and social care service, and public bodies in all other sectors in Wales.

Driving Prosperity for All through Investing for Health and Well-being: An Evidence Informed Guide for Cross-sector Investment


ARTICLE

Economic Influences on Population Health in the United States: Toward Policymaking Driven by Data and Evidence

This review explores the influence of economic factors on population health in the United States. The review concludes that there is growing evidence to suggest that fading economic opportunities and rising economic insecurity have played an important role in the deteriorating health outcomes and rising mortality rates experienced by working-age individuals. It also suggests that policymakers need to consider and rigorously evaluate new approaches, such as basic income grants or job guarantee programs.

Economic Influences on Population Health in the United States: Toward Policymaking Driven by Data and Evidence


REPORT COVID

Modelling the Impact of COVID-19 on the UK Economy: An Application of a Disaggregated New-Keynesian Model

This report by the National Institute of Economic and Social Research sets out a framework that can be used to evaluate policies intended to mitigate the economic effects of Covid-19. The report shows that policies such as the furlough scheme can prevent the sharp rises in unemployment that might arise in the absence of the scheme, and illustrate how such policies can be evaluated using the framework.

Modelling the Impact of COVID-19 on the UK Economy: An Application of a Disaggregated New-Keynesian Model


REPORT

Social Return on Investment (SROI) of Mental Health Related Interventions: A Scoping Review

Social Return on Investment (SROI) is a methodological approach which incorporates all three aspects for evaluating interventions. Mental health problems are one of the leading causes of ill health and disability worldwide. This study aims to map existing evidence on the social value of mental health interventions that uses the SROI methodology. This scoping review is a first of its kind to focus on SROI of mental health interventions, finding a good number of SROI studies that show a positive return on investment of the identified interventions. This review illustrates that SROI could be a useful tool and source of evidence to help inform policy and funding decisions for investment in mental health and wellbeing, as it accounts for the wider social, economic, and environmental benefits of public health interventions.

Social Return on Investment (SROI) of Mental Health Related Interventions: A Scoping Review


REPORT

The Cost-of-Living Crisis: Implications for Public Health and the Identification of Solutions report

The report summarises learning from the World Health Organization (WHO) All-Regions for Health Network (RHN) webinar facilitated by the WHO Collaborating Centre at Public Health Wales on the 21st of September 2022.

The Cost-of-Living Crisis: Implications for Public Health and the Identification of Solutions report